EMN Study on illegal employment of third-country nationals: 2017-2022 situation analysis

The illegal employment of third-country nationals continues to spark national debates across EMN Member Countries, particularly on its societal impact and the need for protection and regularisation of workers. These discussions have intensified due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, bringing greater focus to issues of equality, workers’ rights, and vulnerabilities.

This EMN study documents the illegal employment of third-country nationals in EMN Member Countries between 2017-2022, building on the earlier EMN study until 2017.5 It includes an up-to-date analysis of key legislative and policy frameworks and practices to prevent, identify and tackle the illegal employment of third-country nationals, including beneficiaries of temporary protection (BoTP). It also provides examples of challenges and good practices.

You can find the study here.